IMAGE: Summary diagram of the modulatory impact of leptin on the mesolimbic DA system.
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Credit: Elsevier, 2021
Philadelphia, April 6, 2021 – Since the invention of leptin within the Nineteen Nineties, researchers have puzzled, how does leptin, a hormone made by physique fats, suppress urge for food? Despite great good points within the intervening three many years, many questions nonetheless stay. Now, a new study in mice describes novel neurocircuitry between midbrain constructions that management feeding behaviors which are underneath modulatory management by leptin. The examine seems in Biological Psychiatry, revealed by Elsevier.
John Krystal, MD, Editor of Biological Psychiatry, mentioned of the findings, “Omrani and colleagues make clear how, in non-obese animals, leptin places the brakes on overeating.”
Leptin acts as a crucial hyperlink between the physique and the mind, offering details about metabolic state and exerting management over power stability. The significance of leptin is illustrated by the discovering that animals poor for leptin quickly develop into overweight with out its regulatory cease on feeding conduct.
Roger Adan, PhD, of the Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht and University Utrecht, the Netherlands, who led the examine, mentioned, “This course of is formed by communication between bodily fats storages (through a hormone referred to as leptin) and the mind’s dopamine reward system. This leptin-dopamine axis is critically necessary for physique weight management, however its modes of motion weren’t effectively understood.”
Leptin suppresses consuming by signaling to mind areas that management consuming behaviors, however it additionally decreases the reward worth inherent in meals, partaking the mind’s dopamine (DA) reward system. That food-reward pathway was identified to contain dopaminergic neurons of the ventral tegmental space (VTA) signaling to the nucleus accumbens (NAc), however most of these DA neurons don’t comprise receptors for leptin.
The work used a mixture of highly effective applied sciences, together with optogenetics, chemogenetics and electrophysiology to map the brand new microcircuitry.
“Although leptin receptors are current on [some] dopamine neurons that sign meals reward,” mentioned Professor Adan, additionally of the Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht and University Utrecht, “we found that leptin receptors are additionally current on inhibitory neurons that extra strongly regulate the exercise of dopamine neurons. Some of those inhibitory neurons suppressed meals looking for when [animals were] hungry, whereas others [did so] solely when [animals were] in a sated state.”
Dr. Krystal mentioned of the examine, “It seems that leptin performs key modulatory roles in a chic circuit that unites midbrain and limbic reward circuitry. By inhibiting hypothalamic neurons and finally suppressing the exercise of dopamine neurons within the midbrain that sign reward and promote feeding, leptin reduces meals consumption in animals underneath circumstances when caloric consumption has exceeded power use.”
Ultimately, Professor Adan mentioned, “Targeting these neurons could present a brand new avenue for the remedy of anorexia nervosa and to help weight-reduction plan in individuals with weight problems.”
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Notes for editors
The article is “Identification of novel neurocircuitry by means of which leptin targets a number of inputs to the dopamine system to cut back meals reward looking for,”by Azar Omrani, Veronne de Vrind, Bart Lodder, Iris Stoltenborg, Karlijn Kooij, Inge Wolterink-Donselaar, Mieneke Luijendijk-Berg, Keith Garner, Lisanne van ‘t Sant, Annemieke Rozeboom, Suzanne Dickson, Frank Meye, Roger Adan (https:/
Copies of this paper can be found to credentialed journalists upon request; please contact Rhiannon Bugno at [email protected]“>[email protected] or +1 254 522 9700. Journalists wishing to interview the authors could contact Roger Adan at [email protected]“>[email protected] or +31 88 756 8517.
The authors’ affiliations and disclosures of monetary and conflicts of pursuits can be found within the article.
John H. Krystal, MD, is Chairman of the Department of Psychiatry on the Yale University School of Medicine, Chief of Psychiatry at Yale-New Haven Hospital, and a analysis psychiatrist on the VA Connecticut Healthcare System. His disclosures of monetary and conflicts of pursuits can be found here.
About Biological Psychiatry
Biological Psychiatry is the official journal of the Society of Biological Psychiatry, whose goal is to advertise excellence in scientific analysis and schooling in fields that examine the character, causes, mechanisms and coverings of issues of thought, emotion, or conduct. In accord with this mission, this peer-reviewed, rapid-publication, worldwide journal publishes each primary and medical contributions from all disciplines and analysis areas related to the pathophysiology and remedy of main psychiatric issues.
The journal publishes novel outcomes of unique analysis which signify an necessary new lead or vital impression on the sphere, significantly these addressing genetic and environmental danger components, neural circuitry and neurochemistry, and necessary new therapeutic approaches. Reviews and commentaries that target matters of present analysis and curiosity are additionally inspired.
Biological Psychiatry is likely one of the most selective and extremely cited journals within the subject of psychiatric neuroscience. It is ranked 7th out of 155 Psychiatry titles and 12th out of 271 Neurosciences titles within the Journal Citations Reports® revealed by Clarivate Analytics. The 2019 Impact Factor rating for Biological Psychiatry is 12.095. http://www.
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Media contact
Rhiannon Bugno, Editorial Office
Biological Psychiatry
+1 254 522 9700
[email protected]
